The turbocharger utilizes the high-temperature exhaust gas from the engine to drive the turbine, which in turn drives the coaxial compressor to compress the intake air. It is a "energy recycling" device. It consumes almost no effective power of the engine, has a high boost strength, enables small-displacement engines to achieve the power of larger-displacement engines, offers better fuel economy, and is currently a mainstream configuration for family cars. However, due to the inertia of the turbine, there is a turbo lag, slow response at low speeds, and high working temperature. This requires stricter requirements for lubrication, cooling systems, and maintenance.
